The big surprise for me in the following AP report was the large reach of the tsunami; early reports had suggested, at least to me, that the impact was pretty much confined to one shoreline area, in Sumur, but that turned out not to be the case; the tsunami was also hitting shores that were "hours away" from Sumur.
So I think we can assume the death toll, which has spiked in the past 24 hours to 429, will rise even higher as authorities get into all the affected areas -- a slow-going operation once they procure enough heavy equipment for removing debris blocking roads.
Regarding the height of the waves, which had generally been cited as between about a half a meter to two meters, some survivors swore that they were at least 3 meters high; from this short video that AP took of damage in one area, it looks to my eyes as if they were right.
That's a lot of water displacement from a chunk or chunks of volcano wall splashing into the sea. But the displacement happened so fast, and so near to shore, it was only 24 minutes until the waves hit shore.
I'll also mention from an earlier report I posted that there wasn't one big wave -- it was a series of four waves, according to a Red Cross/Red Crescent volunteer.
The most unsettling part is that the sea gave no warning -- no sudden receding of waters to indicate a tsunami was on the way, as happens when one is caused by an earthquake.
As to whether the change in color of the sea might have given some warning, well, the video of that strange whitish color was taken on the morning after the tsunami hit. So we don't know how long it was before the sea color reflected gunk or "steam-rich magma/lava-water interaction" from the flaming, disintegrating volcano chunk(s). But one survivor told AP that there was nothing strange about the sea before the tsunami hit -- it was just a full moon shining on calm waters.
Did the moonlight mask a sudden chalkiness of the water's color? Don't know but even so, I'm not sure that even volcanologists would have immediately put two and two together: 'Oh look, the sea's turned white; run for your lives.' I don't think so. But now they would know -- provided the Indonesian news media has picked up on that video footage. If not for the eagle eye of a Sputnik editor scouring Twitterf, I wouldn't have known about the footage.
In any case, residents and tourists near the volcano sure enough need to stay away from shore until that force of nature settles down. Barring that, be fit enough to run inland very fast on hearing the first scream.
As to whether you could hope to out-drive the wave -- read one survivor's experience with that attempt, as she told it to the AP reporter. I guess it's a judgment call but the seconds you take to get into the car can mean the difference between life and death. And again, this wasn't one wave; if you thought you were okay after the first one passed, there were more on the way.
In addition, it's not necessarily the inbound wave that's the worst, it can be the sucking motion as the wave recedes. One man couldn't get over the power of the outbound wave; as he clung to a post for dear life while a wave pulled toward the sea he thought, "So this is a tsunami?" Guess so.
One more point before I turn over the floor to AP; this from the amateur volcano observer who filmed the strange color of the water:
[shaking her head]
Øystein L. Andersen - December 23, posted to his Twitter page (two-part thread):
1. #Krakatau volcano: First of these photos, taken at 19:12 local [Indonesia] time yesterday, shows the volcano erupting lava continuously. Second photo, taken at 21:26 local time -- only minutes before the #Tsunami went ashore in front of me in West Java.
2. I remember being surprised that activity had totally ceased, and Anak-krakatau wasn't even visible at all. No eruption sounds were heard. Then a few minutes passed, and the Tsunami arrived.
****What obscured the suddenly banked volcano? Looks like it could be smoke, dust. Had big chunks of the mountain fallen inside the volcano, smothering the fireworks, while the rest of the chunks slid into the sea? No idea, but the point is that all seemed quiet with that volcano. Then -- BAM! Shock waves hitting shore.
[shaking her head]
By NINIEK KARMINI
December 25, 2018 - last updated 5:21 PM ET
The Associated Press
It proved to be a false alarm, but a similar frenzy broke out in Tanjung Lesung, another tsunami-stricken area located hours away, as survivors of the disaster remained traumatized by a tragedy that killed more than 420 people and left thousands homeless.
Meanwhile, Christmas celebrations were replaced by somber prayers, as church leaders called on Christians across Indonesia, the world’s most populous Muslim nation, to pray for tsunami victims.
Unlike other tsunamis that have hit disaster-prone Indonesia following large earthquakes, Saturday’s big waves blasted ashore at night without warning. The eruption of Anak Krakatau, or Child of Krakatoa, a volcano in the Sunda Strait, is believed to have created a landslide on the volcano’s slope, displacing a large volume of water that slammed into the islands of Java and Sumatra.
People in Sumur village, which has been slow to receive aid due to roads being cut off, remained stunned by how quickly the tsunami hit. The beach, located just a few kilometers from the tourist island of Umang near Java’s western tip, is popular for snorkeling and other water activities. The tsunami decimated the area, ripping houses from their foundations and bulldozing concrete buildings.
Scientists have said the tsunami’s waves were recorded in several places at about 1 meter (3.3 feet) high, but residents of Sumur insisted they towered more than 3 meters (10 feet) there. They said a soaring white wall of water roared toward them at high speeds, ripping trees out of the ground by their roots.
“There was no sign of a tsunami when we were at the beach. The sea didn’t recede,” said Tati Hayati, a housewife, who was enjoying a pleasant evening with 10 other people when the disaster hit. “It was calm and bright with the full moon.”
When she spotted high, fast-moving waves launching toward the shore, she ran to her car and managed to get inside. But she couldn't outrun it. She said the car was struck by three waves, breaking out the back window and filling the vehicle with gushing water.
"We were locked inside. The car was swaying in the waves and we thought we would all die," Hayati said. "We almost could not breathe and I almost gave up when I groped the key in the water and managed to open the door, and the water began to recede. We got out of the car and ran to safety."
The disaster was compounded because it occurred over a busy holiday weekend before Christmas when many people had fled crowded cities such as Jakarta, Indonesia's capital, to relax at popular beach areas.
Pastor Markus Taekz said Tuesday that his Rahmat Pentecostal Church in the hard-hit area of Carita did not celebrate Christmas with joyous songs this year. Instead, only about 100 people showed up for the service, which usually brings in double that number. Many congregation members had already left the area for locations away from the disaster zone.
"This is an unusual situation because we have a very bad disaster that killed hundreds of our sisters and brothers in Banten," Taekz said, referring to the province on Java island. "So our celebration is full of grief."
The death toll climbed to 429 on Tuesday, with more than 1,400 people injured and at least 128 missing, said Sutopo Purwo Nugroho, spokesman for Indonesia’s Disaster Mitigation Agency.
He said more than 16,000 people were displaced and that there was an urgent need for heavy equipment in the Sumur subdistrict near Ujung Kulon National Park to help get aid flowing and reach people who may be injured or trapped.
Military troops, government personnel, and volunteers continued searching along debris-strewn beaches. Yellow, orange and black body bags were laid out where victims were found, and weeping relatives identified the dead. Many searched for missing loved ones at hospital morgues.
The lead singer of the Indonesian pop band Seventeen located the body of his dead wife after posting emotional posts on social media, vowing that he would not leave her. The group was performing at a beach hotel when the tsunami was captured on video smashing into their stage, killing several band members and crew.
Anak Krakatau is a volcanic island that formed in the early part of the 20th century near the site of the cataclysmic 1883 eruption of Krakatoa, which killed more than 30,000 people and hurled so much ash that it turned day to night in the area and reduced global temperatures.
The head of Indonesia’s Meteorology, Climatology and Geophysics Agency, Dwikorita Karnawati, said Saturday’s tsunami was likely caused by Anak Krakatau’s volcanic activity and so could not have been picked up by sensors, which monitor conventional earthquakes responsible for more than 90 percent of Indonesia’s tsunamis.
She said the tsunami was probably caused by the collapse of a big section of the volcano’s slope. Anak Krakatau has been erupting since June and did so again 24 minutes before the tsunami, according to the geophysics agency. Other scientists have said an underwater landslide may also have contributed to the disaster.
Indonesia, a vast archipelago of more than 17,000 islands and home to 260 million people, lies along the Ring of Fire, an arc of volcanoes and fault lines in the Pacific Basin.
In September, thousands were believed killed by a quake and tsunami that hit Indonesia’s Sulawesi island. A quake on the island of Lombok killed 505 people in August.
Saturday’s disaster came ahead of the anniversary of the massive Asian tsunami that hit Dec. 26, 2004, after a magnitude 9.1 earthquake off Sumatra island spawned huge waves. The giant wall of water killed some 230,000 people in a dozen countries, most of them in Indonesia.
[END REPORT]
********
"We were locked inside. The car was swaying in the waves and we thought we would all die," Hayati said. "We almost could not breathe and I almost gave up when I groped the key in the water and managed to open the door, and the water began to recede. We got out of the car and ran to safety."
The disaster was compounded because it occurred over a busy holiday weekend before Christmas when many people had fled crowded cities such as Jakarta, Indonesia's capital, to relax at popular beach areas.
Pastor Markus Taekz said Tuesday that his Rahmat Pentecostal Church in the hard-hit area of Carita did not celebrate Christmas with joyous songs this year. Instead, only about 100 people showed up for the service, which usually brings in double that number. Many congregation members had already left the area for locations away from the disaster zone.
"This is an unusual situation because we have a very bad disaster that killed hundreds of our sisters and brothers in Banten," Taekz said, referring to the province on Java island. "So our celebration is full of grief."
The death toll climbed to 429 on Tuesday, with more than 1,400 people injured and at least 128 missing, said Sutopo Purwo Nugroho, spokesman for Indonesia’s Disaster Mitigation Agency.
He said more than 16,000 people were displaced and that there was an urgent need for heavy equipment in the Sumur subdistrict near Ujung Kulon National Park to help get aid flowing and reach people who may be injured or trapped.
Military troops, government personnel, and volunteers continued searching along debris-strewn beaches. Yellow, orange and black body bags were laid out where victims were found, and weeping relatives identified the dead. Many searched for missing loved ones at hospital morgues.
The lead singer of the Indonesian pop band Seventeen located the body of his dead wife after posting emotional posts on social media, vowing that he would not leave her. The group was performing at a beach hotel when the tsunami was captured on video smashing into their stage, killing several band members and crew.
Anak Krakatau is a volcanic island that formed in the early part of the 20th century near the site of the cataclysmic 1883 eruption of Krakatoa, which killed more than 30,000 people and hurled so much ash that it turned day to night in the area and reduced global temperatures.
The head of Indonesia’s Meteorology, Climatology and Geophysics Agency, Dwikorita Karnawati, said Saturday’s tsunami was likely caused by Anak Krakatau’s volcanic activity and so could not have been picked up by sensors, which monitor conventional earthquakes responsible for more than 90 percent of Indonesia’s tsunamis.
She said the tsunami was probably caused by the collapse of a big section of the volcano’s slope. Anak Krakatau has been erupting since June and did so again 24 minutes before the tsunami, according to the geophysics agency. Other scientists have said an underwater landslide may also have contributed to the disaster.
Indonesia, a vast archipelago of more than 17,000 islands and home to 260 million people, lies along the Ring of Fire, an arc of volcanoes and fault lines in the Pacific Basin.
In September, thousands were believed killed by a quake and tsunami that hit Indonesia’s Sulawesi island. A quake on the island of Lombok killed 505 people in August.
Saturday’s disaster came ahead of the anniversary of the massive Asian tsunami that hit Dec. 26, 2004, after a magnitude 9.1 earthquake off Sumatra island spawned huge waves. The giant wall of water killed some 230,000 people in a dozen countries, most of them in Indonesia.
[END REPORT]
********
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